SECOLOGICAL RISK OF HEAVY METALS IN SURFACE WATER, SEDIMENT AND DOMINANT FISH SPECIES FROM TUNGAN KAWO RESERVOIR, KONTAGORA, NIGER STATE, NIGERIA
- Project Research
- 1-5 Chapters
- Abstract : Available
- Table of Content: Available
- Reference Style: APA
- Recommended for : Student Researchers
- NGN 3000
ABSTRACT
Developing countries like Nigeria are faced with increased in generation of domestic, industrial and agricultural wastes that found their way into the surrounding water bodies which are slowly contaminating the water. This study was aim to evaluate ecological risk of heavy metals in surface water, sediment and dominant fish species from Tungan Kawo Reservoir, Kontagora, Niger State, Nigeria. Physico-chemical parameters and heavy metals in surface water, sediment and three commercially important fishes were determined in the reservoir water using standard methods from July 2018 – February 2019 at four different sampling stations of human activities around the water. A total of five heavy metals were selected [lead (Pb), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe) and chromium, (Cr)] in the surface water, sediment and fish species. The results from physio-chemical parameters showed that, nitrate (3.2 – 7.5 mg/L), temperature (27 – 32.4 0C), dissolved oxygen (2.4 – 5.2 mg/L), electrical conductivity (81 – 125 µS/cm), biochemical oxygen demand (1.9 – 4.4 mg/L), alkalinity (16 – 34 mg/L) and total dissolved solids (117 – 198 ppm) were within standard for drinking water and survival of fishes, however, the pH (6.3 – 9.8) and phosphate (0.4 – 2.5 mg/L) was above the standard for FEPA and NESREA for drinking water but can fairly support aquatic life. The results obtained from heavy metals showed that iron (Fe) and (Cr) had the highest concentration with mean of 6.18 mg/kg and 1.45 mg/kg in surface water and 7.08 mg/kg and 1.54 mg/kg in sediment respectively, followed by Mn with 1.36 mg/kg (sediment) and 0.09 mg/L (water) while Cu had the lowest concentration of 0.03 mg/kg in the Surface water and 0.99 mg/kg in the sediment respectively. Lead was detected in the sediment in low concentration with a mean value of 0.01 mg/kg in Stations 1, 2 and 4 respectively. However, Pb was not detected throughout the time of the study from surface water. In the three fish species examined, iron was the most highly concentrated value (0.64±0.072 mg/kg) in Synodontis clarias while lead (0.01±0.013 mg/kg) was the lowest found in Oreochromis niloticus and Coptidon zillii (formerly Tilapia zillii). The bottom feeders were found to accumulate more of these heavy metals. This indicates the good health status of the reservoir for aquatic biota. The values obtained from risk indices were very low when compared with the background values and target for Hakanson risk index of a standard soil and have not constitute any risk to Tungan Kawo Reservoir. This current finding indicates that the water is safe for both aquatic life and domestic purpose but not suitable for direct human consumption without being properly treated. However, there is the need for regular monitoring of the heavy metals load in this water body and the aquatic organisms because of the long-term effects.
Related Project Materials
KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AMONG WORKERS
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Safety and health principles are universal, but how much action is needed will depend on...
EFFECTS OF OVERPOPULATION ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF STUDENTS IN GOVERNMENT SECONDARY SCHOOLS
ABSTRACT
The study aimed at establishing the effects of overpopulation on the academic performance of government seconda...
THE CRIME OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE IN NIGERIA (A CASE STUDY OF NNENWI, ANAMBRA STATE)
Background to the Study
Domestic abuse is a pervasive problem in many communities throughout the world,...
THE INFLUENCE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN RECRUITMENT PROCESSES
Abstract : THE INFLUENCE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN RECRUITMENT PROCESSES
This study investigates the influence of artificial intellig...
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF CNN AND AL JAZEERA’S COVERAGE OF THE PALESTINIANISRAELI CONFLICT OF 2014
ABSTRACT
This study analysed the published broadcast transcripts of CNN International and Aljazeera English to find out if both news outl...
THE IMPACT OF MARKET SEGMENTATION ON SALES PERFORMANCE
Abstract
The study evaluated market in the beginning of its review of related literatures.
A market is seen as...
ACCOUNTING FOR INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND SUPPLY CHAIN FINANCE
ACCOUNTING FOR INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND SUPPLY CHAIN FINANCE
ABSTRACT
The study aims to explore (1) the role of accounting...
LA TRADUCTION COMME UN MOYEN DE LA MONDIALISATION
Abstrait
L'objectif de cette recherche est de révéler le rôle pertinent de la traduction en tant...
MODELLING GROUNDWATER RECHARGE ESTIMATION USING MODIFIED SOIL MOISTURE BALANCE APPROACH IN OTUKPO BASIN
ABSTRACT
In this study, groundwater recharge in Otukpo basin has been estimated using a modified daily soil moisture balance based on a s...
PATH-ANALYTIC INVESTIGATION OF SOME PSYCHO-SOCIAL VARIABLES AFFECTING ADJUSTMENT TO SCHOOL TRANSITION AMONG FRESH SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN SOUTHEASTERN NIGERIA
ABSTRACT
Ineffective school adjustment is one of the challenges of academic achievement in secondary schools in Nigeria. Poor adjustment...
